Maldives
Economic Overview
Tourism, Maldives' largest industry, accounts for 28% of GDP and more than 60% of the Maldives' foreign exchange receipts. Over 90% of government tax revenue comes from import duties and tourism-related taxes. Fishing is the second leading sector. Agriculture and manufacturing continue to play a lesser role in the economy, constrained by the limited availability of cultivable land and the shortage of domestic labor. Most staple foods must be imported. Industry, which consists mainly of garment production, boat building, and handicrafts, accounts for about 7% of GDP. Real GDP growth averaged over 7.5% per year for more than a decade. The trade deficit has expanded sharply as a result of high oil prices and imports of construction material. Diversifying beyond tourism and fishing is the major challenge facing the government.
GDP Growth rate : 18% (2006 est.)
GDP - composition by sector :
Agriculture: 16%
Industry: 7%
Services: 77% (2006 est.)
Trade per capita (US$, 2003-2005) 3982
Trade to GDP ratio (2003-2005) 166.3
Exports: $214 million f.o.b. (2006 est.) | Imports: $832 million f.o.b. (2006 est.) |
Exports - commodities: Fish | Imports - commodities: Petroleum products, ships, foodstuffs, clothing, intermediate and capital goods |
Exports - partners: Japan 22.8%, Thailand 22.7%, Sri Lanka 16.4%, UK 12.6%, Singapore 5.8%, Germany 4.8%, France 4.3% (2005) | Imports - partners: Singapore 24.1%, UAE 15.7%, India 11.3%, Malaysia 7.2%, Sri Lanka 5.7%, UK 4.5% (2005) |
Indicators
HEALTH | EDUCATIONAL | ECONOMIC | POLITICAL
GENERAL INDICATORS | ||
| HDI Rank | 98 | |
| GDP (US $ Bill.) | 2004 | 0.8 |
| GDP (PPP US $ Bill.) | 2004 | .. |
| GDP Per Capita (PPP US $) | 2004 | .. |
| GDI Rank | .. | |
| GDI Value | .. | |
| GEM Rank | .. | |
| GEM Value | .. | |
| Total Population (Mill.) | 1975 | 0.1 |
| 2004 | 0.3 | |
| 2015a | 0.4 | |
| Total Female population (in '000) | 2006 | 164 |
| Population living below $ 1 a day in Percentage | 1990-2004 | .. |
| Population living below the national poverty line in Percentage | 1990-2003 | .. |
| Total Fertility Rate (Births per Woman) | 1970-75 | 7 |
| 2000-05 | 4.3 | |
| Maternal Mortality Ratio (Adjusted per 100000 live births) | 2000 | 110 |
| Probability of Female Survival at birth to 65 yrs | 2000-05 | 67.5 |
| Probability of Male Survival at birth to 65 yrs | 2000-05 | 67.8 |
| Life Expectancy at Birth (years) | 2004 | 67 |
| Female Life Expectancy at Birth (Yrs) | 66.6 | |
| Male Life Expectancy at Birth (Yrs) | 67.4 | |
| Population without sustainable access to safe water in Percentage | 2004 | 17 |
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| Combined Gross Enrolment Ratio* in Percentage | 2004 | 69 |
| Combined Gross Enrolment Ratio* (F) in Percentage | 69 | |
| Combined Gross Enrolment Ratio* (M) in Percentage | 68 | |
| Female Legislators, Officials & Managers (% of Total) | 15 | |
| Female Professionals & Technical Workers (% of Total) | 40 | |
| Adult Literacy Rate (% ages 15 and older) | 2004 | 96.3 |
| Female Adult Literacy Rate ( % ages 15 and older) | 96.4 | |
| Female Adult Literacy Rate (as % of Male Rate) | 100 | |
| Female Youth Literacy Rate (% ages 15-24) | 98.3 | |
| Female Youth Literacy Rate (as % of Male Rate) | 100 | |
| Net Primary Enrolment Female Ratio (in %) | 90 | |
| Net Primary Enrolment Ratio of Female to Male | 1.01 | |
| Net Secondary Enrolement Female Ratio (in %) | 55 | |
| Net Secondary Enrolment Ratio of Female to Male | 1.15 | |
| Gross Tertiary Enrolment Female Ratio (in %) | (.) | |
| Gross Tertiary Enrolment Ratio Female to Male | 3 | |
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| Estimated Female Earned Income( PPP US$) | .. | |
| Estimated Male Earned Income (PPP US $) | .. | |
| Ratio of Female to Male Estimated Earned Income | .. | |
| Female Economic Activity Rate (% ages 15 and older) | 46.1 | |
| Female Economic Activity ( index, 1990=100, ages 15 and older) | 229 | |
| Female Economic Activity ( as % of male rates, ages 15 and older) | 64 | |
| Female Employment Agriculture (%) | 5 | |
| Male Employment Agriculture (%) | 18 | |
| Female Employment Industry (%) | 24 | |
| Male Employment Industry (%) | 16 | |
| Female Employment Services (%) | 39 | |
| Male Employment in Services (%) | 55 | |
| Women Contributing Family Workers (%) | 57 | |
| Men Contributing Family Workers (%) | 43 | |
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| Seats in Parliament (Women as % of Total) | 12 | |
| Female Suffrage Granted (Year) | 1932 | |
| Elections Contesting Rights (Year) | 1932 | |
| Year of First Woman Elected | 1979 E | |
| Women Ministers (as % of total) | 11.8 | |
| Seats held in Lower/Single House by Women (as % of Total) | 12 | |
| Seats held in Upper House/Senate by Women (as % of Total) | — | |
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Source : UNDP HDR 2006
Notes:
.. Data Not Available
a.Data refer to medium-variant projections.
* For Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Schools
