Canada

Economic Overview

As an affluent, high-tech industrial society in the trillion-dollar class, Canada resembles the US in its market-oriented economic system, pattern of production, and affluent living standards. The 1989 US-Canada Free Trade Agreement (FTA) and the 1994 North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) (which includes Mexico) touched off a dramatic increase in trade and economic integration with the US. Given its great natural resources, skilled labor force, and modern capital plant, Canada enjoys solid economic prospects. Exports account for roughly a third of GDP. Canada enjoys a substantial trade surplus with its principal trading partner, the US, which absorbs about 85% of Canadian exports. Canada is the US' largest foreign supplier of energy, including oil, gas, uranium, and electric power.

GDP Growth rate: 2.7% (2006 est.)

GDP - composition by sector

• agriculture: 2.3%
• industry: 29.2%
• services: 68.5% (2006 est.)
  

Trade per capita (US$, 2003-2005): 22 441

Trade to GDP ratio (2003-2005): 72.9

Exports: $405 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)	Imports: $353.2 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Exports - commodities: motor vehicles and parts, industrial machinery, aircraft, telecommunications equipment; chemicals, plastics, fertilizers; wood pulp, timber, crude petroleum, natural gas, electricity, aluminum	Imports - commodities: machinery and equipment, motor vehicles and parts, crude oil, chemicals, electricity, durable consumer goods
Exports - partners: US 82.3%, UK 2.2%, Japan 2.1% (2006)	Imports - partners: US 55.1%, China 8.7%, Mexico 4% (2006)

Share in world total merchandise exports: 3.43        
Share in world total merchandise imports: 2.97   
Share in world total commercial services exports: 2.13       
Share in world total commercial services imports: 2.70

Indicators

HEALTH | EDUCATIONAL | ECONOMIC | POLITICAL

GENERAL INDICATORS
HDI Rank		6
GDP (US $ Bill.)	2004	978
GDP (PPP US $ Bill.)	2004	999.6
GDP Per Capita (PPP US $)	2004	31263
GDI Rank		7
GDI Value		0.947
GEM Rank		11
GEM Value		0.81
Total Population (Mill.)	1975	23.1
	2004	32
	2015a	35.1
Total Female Population (in '000)	2006	16422
Population living below $ 1 a day in Percentage	1990-2004	..
Population living below the national poverty line in Percentage	1990-2003	..
HEALTH INDICATORS
Total Fertility Rate (Births per Woman)	1970-75	2
	2000-05	1.5
Maternal Mortality Ratio (Adjusted per 100000 live births)	2000	6
Probability of Female Survival at birth to 65 yrs	2000-05	90.7
Probability of Male Survival at birth to 65 yrs	2000-05	85
Life Expectancy at Birth (years)	2004	80.2
Female Life Expectancy at Birth (Yrs)		82.6
Male Life Expectancy at Birth (Yrs)		77.6
Population without sustainable access to safe water in Percentage	2004	0
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EDUCATIONAL INDICATORS
Combined Gross Enrolment Ratio* in Percentage	2004	93
Combined Gross Enrolment Ratio* (F) in Percentage		96
Combined Gross Enrolment Ratio* (M) in Percentage		90
Female Legislators, Officials & Managers (% of Total)		36
Female Professionals & Technical Workers (% of Total)		56
Adult Literacy Rate (% ages 15 and older)	2004	..
Female Adult Literacy Rate ( % ages 15 and older)		..
Female Adult Literacy Rate (as % of Male Rate)		..
Female Youth Literacy Rate (% ages 15-24)		..
Female Youth Literacy Rate (as % of Male Rate)		..
Net Primary Enrolment Female Ratio (in %)		100
Net Primary Enrolment Ratio of Female to Male		1
Net Secondary Enrolement Female Ratio (in %)		94
Net Secondary Enrolment Ratio of Female to Male		0.99
Gross Tertiary Enrolment Female Ratio (in %)		70
Gross Tertiary Enrolment Ratio Female to Male		1.36
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ECONOMIC INDICATORS
Estimated Female Earned Income( PPP US$)		24277
Estimated Male Earned Income (PPP US $)		38374
Ratio of Female to Male Estimated Earned Income		0.63
Female Economic Activity Rate (% ages 15 and older)		60.2
Female Economic Activity ( index, 1990=100, ages 15 and older)		104
Female Economic Activity ( as % of male rates, ages 15 and older)		83
Female Employment Agriculture (%)		2
Male Employment Agriculture (%)		4
Female Employment Industry (%)		11
Male Employment Industry (%)		33
Female Employment Services (%)		87
Male Employment in Services (%)		64
Women Contributing Family Workers (%)		66
Men Contributing Family Workers (%)		34
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POLITICAL INDICATORS
Seats in Parliament (Women as % of Total)		24.3
Female Suffrage Granted (Year)		1917, 1960
Elections Contesting Rights (Year)		1920, 1960
Year of First Woman Elected (A=Appointed, E= Elected)		1921 E
Women Ministers (as % of total)		23.1
Seats held in Lower/Single House by Women (as % of Total)		20.8
Seats held in Upper House/Senate by Women (as % of Total)		35
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