United Republic of Tanzania
Economic Overview
Tanzania is one of the poorest countries in the world. The economy depends heavily on agriculture, which accounts for almost half of GDP, provides 85% of exports, and employs 80% of the work force. Topography and climatic conditions, however, limit cultivated crops to only 4% of the land area. Industry traditionally featured the processing of agricultural products and light consumer goods. The World Bank, the IMF, and bilateral donors have provided funds to rehabilitate Tanzania's out-of-date economic infrastructure and to alleviate poverty. Long-term growth through 2005 featured a pickup in industrial production and a substantial increase in output of minerals led by gold. Recent banking reforms have helped increase private-sector growth and investment. Continued donor assistance and solid macroeconomic policies supported real GDP growth of nearly 6% in 2006.
GDP Growth rate: 5.8% (2006 est.)
GDP - composition by sector:
Trade per capita (US$, 2003-2005): 152
Trade to GDP ratio (2003-2005): 50.8
Exports: $1.831 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.) | Imports: $3.18 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.) |
Exports - commodities: Gold, coffee, cashew nuts, manufactures, cotton | Imports - commodities: Consumer goods, machinery and transportation equipment, industrial raw materials, crude oil |
Exports - partners: China 8.9%, India 8.8%, Netherlands 6.2%, Japan 5.4%, Zambia 4.7%, UAE 4.3%, Germany 4.2% (2006) | Imports - partners: South Africa 10%, China 9.6%, Kenya 8%, India 6.9%, UAE 6.1%, US 4% (2006) |
Share in world total merchandise exports: 0.02
Share in world total merchandise imports: 0.03
Share in world total commercial services exports: 0.05
Share in world total commercial services imports: 0.05
Indicators
HEALTH | EDUCATIONAL | ECONOMIC | POLITICAL
GENERAL INDICATORS | ||
| HDI Rank | 162 | |
| GDP (US $ Bill.) | 2004 | 10.9 |
| GDP (PPP US $ Bill.) | 2004 | 25.4 |
| GDP Per Capita (PPP US $) | 2004 | 674 |
| GDI Rank | 123 | |
| GDI Value | 0.426 | |
| GEM Rank | 36 | |
| GEM Value | 0.597 | |
| Total Population (Mill.) | 1975 | 16 |
| 2004 | 37.6 | |
| 2015 | 45.6 | |
| Total Female Population (in '000) | 2006 | 19595 |
| Population living below $ 1 a day in Percentage | 1990-2004 | 57.8 |
| Population living below the national poverty line in Percentage | 1990-2003 | 35.7 |
| Total Fertility Rate (Births per Woman) | 1970-75 | 6.8 |
| 2000-05 | 5 | |
| Maternal Mortality Ratio (Adjusted per 100000 live births) | 2000 | 1500 |
| Probability of Female Survival at birth to 65 yrs | 2000-05 | 35.8 |
| Probability of Male Survival at birth to 65 yrs | 2000-05 | 33.4 |
| Life Expectancy at Birth (years) | 2004 | 45.9 |
| Female Life Expectancy at Birth (Yrs) | 46.2 | |
| Male Life Expectancy at Birth (Yrs) | 45.6 | |
| Population without sustainable access to safe water in Percentage | 2004 | 38 |
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| Combined Gross Enrolment Ratio* in Percentage | 2004 | 48 |
| Combined Gross Enrolment Ratio* (F) in Percentage | 47 | |
| Combined Gross Enrolment Ratio* (M) in Percentage | 49 | |
| Female Legislators, Officials & Managers (% of Total) | 49 | |
| Female Professionals & Technical Workers (% of Total) | 32 | |
| Adult Literacy Rate (% ages 15 and older) | 2004 | 69.4 |
| Female Adult Literacy Rate ( % ages 15 and older) | 62.2 | |
| Female Adult Literacy Rate (as % of Male Rate) | 80 | |
| Female Youth Literacy Rate (% ages 15-24) | 76.2 | |
| Female Youth Literacy Rate (as % of Male Rate) | 94 | |
| Net Primary Enrolment Female Ratio (in %) | 85 | |
| Net Primary Enrolment Ratio of Female to Male | 0.98 | |
| Net Secondary Enrolement Female Ratio (in %) | .. | |
| Net Secondary Enrolment Ratio of Female to Male | .. | |
| Gross Tertiary Enrolment Female Ratio (in %) | 1 | |
| Gross Tertiary Enrolment Ratio Female to Male | 0.41 | |
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| Estimated Female Earned Income( PPP US$) | 569 | |
| Estimated Male Earned Income (PPP US $) | 781 | |
| Ratio of Female to Male Estimated Earned Income | 0.73 | |
| Female Economic Activity Rate (% ages 15 and older) | 86 | |
| Female Economic Activity ( index, 1990=100, ages 15 and older) | 97 | |
| Female Economic Activity ( as % of male rates, ages 15 and older) | 95 | |
| Female Employment Agriculture (%) | .. | |
| Male Employment Agriculture (%) | .. | |
| Female Employment Industry (%) | .. | |
| Male Employment Industry (%) | .. | |
| Female Employment Services (%) | .. | |
| Male Employment in Services (%) | .. | |
| Women Contributing Family Workers (%) | .. | |
| Men Contributing Family Workers (%) | .. | |
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| Seats in Parliament (Women as % of Total) | 30.4 | |
| Female Suffrage Granted (Year) | 1959 | |
| Elections Contesting Rights (Year) | 1959 | |
| Year of First Woman Elected (A=Appointd, E=Elected) | .. | |
| Women Ministers (as % of total) | 15.4 | |
| Seats held in Lower/Single House by Women (as % of Total) | 30.4 | |
| Seats held in Upper House/Senate by Women (as % of Total) | — | |
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Source : UNDP HDR 2006
Notes:
.. Data Not Available
a.Data refer to medium-variant projections.
* For Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Schools
